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Vulnerable employment (% of employment)

83.7% of jobs▼ 0.16 pts vs 2024

Mozambique · Latest observation 2025

Vulnerable employment (% of employment)

What is this?

Share of workers who are self-employed or unpaid family workers (ILO estimate).

How to read it

  • A proxy for informality: these jobs rarely have contracts or social protection.
  • Unit: % of jobs.

What does the data say?

Vulnerable employment (% of employment) (Mozambique) is 83.7 % of jobs (2025), 7.43 points lower than in 1991. It is the lowest in the period shown.

Over all 35 observations since 1991, the highest was 91.1 (1991) and the lowest 83.7 (2025).

Why does it matter?

  • Households: Irregular income.
  • Businesses: Informal suppliers and customers.
  • Government: Hard to tax.
  • Investors: Formalisation potential.
  • Mobile money: Informal earners often rely on cash and mobile money rather than bank accounts. Potential, not proven: check against internal transaction data before acting on it.

What should I watch?

Data source

Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators (SL.EMP.VULN.ZS)
Status
Fetched live on the last refresh
Latest observation
2025
Last updated
2026-10-17
Source published
2026-10-08
Frequency
Annual
Method
Compiled by the World Bank from national statistics offices, the IMF, ILO and other agencies. Definitions are harmonised across countries.
Limitations
Annual. The latest year is often missing or revised. Some series are modelled estimates rather than direct measurements.
Country:
838588909319912025High 91.1Low 83.7
Latest
83.7
Change
−7.43 pts
High
91.1 1991
Low
83.7 2025
Average
86.7

Vulnerable employment (% of employment) is 83.7 % of jobs (2025), 7.43 points lower than in 1991. It is the lowest in the period shown.

What is this?

Share of workers who are self-employed or unpaid family workers (ILO estimate).

How to read it

A proxy for informality: these jobs rarely have contracts or social protection.

Unit: % of jobs.

What does the data say?

Vulnerable employment (% of employment) (Mozambique) is 83.7 % of jobs (2025), 7.43 points lower than in 1991. It is the lowest in the period shown.

Over all 35 observations since 1991, the highest was 91.1 (1991) and the lowest 83.7 (2025).

Why does it matter?

  • Households: Irregular income.
  • Businesses: Informal suppliers and customers.
  • Government: Hard to tax.
  • Investors: Formalisation potential.
  • Mobile money: Informal earners often rely on cash and mobile money rather than bank accounts. Potential, not proven: check against internal transaction data before acting on it.

Observed facts are above; these are possible implications, not measured effects.

Countries — 2025

CountryLatestYear on year
Mozambique83.7 % of jobs−0.2%
Tanzania83.7 % of jobs−0.2%
India71.6 % of jobs−0.7%
Sub-Saharan Africa71.0 % of jobs−0.2%
Zambia70.2 % of jobs−0.5%
Zimbabwe68.2 % of jobs−0.2%
Angola66.3 % of jobs+0.0%
Kenya63.8 % of jobs−0.2%
Malawi59.9 % of jobs−0.1%
World42.4 % of jobs−0.2%
China33.4 % of jobs−1.2%
Eswatini28.4 % of jobs−0.8%
Brazil26.1 % of jobs−0.9%
Botswana25.6 % of jobs−0.2%
South Africa11.7 % of jobs−0.3%
Portugal9.7 % of jobs−1.3%

Compare countries → Explore relationships →

What should I watch?

Employment to population ratio (15+, ILO estimate)73.5 % of people 15+−0.04 pts · 2025Adults with an account (% 15+)54.4 % of adults+4.89 pts · 2024

Data source

Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators (SL.EMP.VULN.ZS)
Frequency
Annual
Observations
35 (1991 – 2025) for Mozambique; 16 country in total
Source published
2026-10-08
Last retrieved
2026-10-17
Method
Compiled by the World Bank from national statistics offices, the IMF, ILO and other agencies. Definitions are harmonised across countries.
Limitations
Annual. The latest year is often missing or revised. Some series are modelled estimates rather than direct measurements.
Download
All stored observations (JSON) · CSV from the chart